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Treatment Evaluation
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Order Number
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Title
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Author
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Date
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A Survey of Desalination Technology (TP-19B)
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W.F. McIlhenny, The Dow Chemical Company
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1966
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Abstract:
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Cooling Water Treatment Dollars and Sense (TP-20A)
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Maxey Brooke, Phillips Petroleum Company
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1966
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Abstract:
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Water Treatment for Cooling Towers (TP-46A)
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J.L. Thornley, Bird-Archer Co.
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1968
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Abstract:
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Agricultural Waste Water Treatment Methods (TP-53A)
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Don Swain, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
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1968
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Abstract:
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Cooling Tower Design Criteria and Water Treatment (TP-85A)
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F.W. Motley & T.C. Hoppe Black & Veatch Consulting Engineers
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1970
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Abstract:
Some of the major considerations involved in selecting the cooling
water system of a large industrial plant such as an electric
generating station are presented in this paper. Cooling Tower
specifications and testing are reviewed and considerations for the
water treatment and waste water disposal of a cooling water system
utilizing a tower.
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New Concepts in Alkaline Cooling Water Treatments (TP-122A)
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Dr. Arthur J. Freedman & Roger Nass, Nalco Chemical Company
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1973
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Abstract:
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Fundamentals of Cooling Tower Water Technology (TP-140A)
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Sidney Sussman, Ph.D., Olin Water Services
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1975
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Abstract:
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Copper Alloys in Fresh and Salt Water Cooling Towers Located at Power Plant Sites (TP-178A)
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James J. Seibert, Ampco- Pittsburgh Corporation
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1977
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Abstract:
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Test Method For Biocide Evaluations in Cooling Towers (TP-267A)
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Helen E. Crandall, Hercules, Inc.
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1983
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Abstract:
Actual cooling tower water is used as the test medium to
establish proper biocide treatment in recirculating systems. The
method is effective not only for aerobes and facultative
anaerobes, but also includes test for sulfate-reducing anaerobes
plus molds and yeasts through the use of slides. Results
accurately show the effect of biocides on microbial growth in
the water and are more sensitive and superior to the "all or
none" response of broth tube tests. The test procedure, examples
and comparisons with some standard methods are the subject of
this paper.
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Microbiological Test Methods in Association With Cooling Towers (TP-86-7)
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Helen E. Crandall, Hercules, Inc.
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1986
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Abstract:
The function and proper use of biocides was probably the least
understood and investigated aspect of cooling water treatment
programs for many years. Since the imposition Federal and State
restrictions on the discharge of toxic effluents, the demand for
effective and knowledgeable biocide treatment has increased.
This has resulted in the use of analytical procedures which now
includes not only measurement of planktonic bacteria, but also
more sophisticated monitors for biofilm development caused by
the presence of sessile bacteria. A discussion of some of these
analytical procedures is presented.
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Methods For Evaluating the Efficacy of Biocides Against Sessile Bacteria (TP-87-06)
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Carol A. Jones, Jane H. Leidlein & Jeff G. Grierson, Dow Chemical Company
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1987
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Abstract:
Methods have been developed to evaluate sessile bacteria fouling
in cooling water pilot plants. Duplicate systems for test and
control conditions are dedicated to the evaluation of biocides
against wild organisms under real world conditions. This paper
will focus on the pilot plant's design and operation along with
the techniques and instruments used to evaluate bacterial
fouling. Results comparing an experimental biocide to a control
will be presented.
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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Molybdate-Based Cooling Water Treatment Technology (TP-88-03)
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Joseph S. Roti & Kenneth F. Soeder, Drew Industrial Division
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1988
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Abstract:
Molybdate-based corrosion inhibitors have been used in cooling
water treatment for some time. Their widespread use has been
limited, however, by key technical and economic factors. This
paper explores a number of new products, recently developed,
which demonstrate why molybdate-based programs can now be used
in almost any application. An in-depth technical discussion on
how molybdates function as inhibitors and what other treatments
aid or hinder their effectiveness is included. Laboratory data
is presented to verify the theoretical. Case histories of actual
cooling water applications are discussed which show when and
where molybdate-based products have outperformed other, more
traditional treatments. Economics are also included which
outline the relative costs of these programs versus other
treatment programs. Finally, the environmental aspects of
molybdate are also outlined in the paper. With metallic
treatments such as zinc and chromate under close scrutiny by
governmental agencies, the existing laws governing the discharge
of molybdate are reviewed and the future disposition of this
material scrutinized.
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Pilot Cooling System Evaluation of Treatment Program Effectiveness in a Refinery Environment (TP-88-12)
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Beatrise A. Bross & Robert J. Ferguson, Chemlink, Inc.
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1988
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Abstract:
A Pilot Cooling System was developed to simulate the operation
of an open recirculating cooling system for the purpose of
evaluating potential cooling water treatment programs on a pilot
scale prior to their implementation in the refinery cooling
system. Pilot scale evaluations of newer, more environmentally
acceptable, treatment programs were desired to determine their
effectiveness in a refinery, without the need to treat the
entire refinery cooling system. This report outlines a
side-by-side comparison of treatment program effectiveness
observed for an alkaline chromate treatment program run on the
main refinery cooling system and on the Pilot Cooling System.
This test sequence was run with the objective of correlating
results obtained on the Pilot System to those achieved on the
main refinery cooling system. Results of laboratory screening
tests are also compared to those achieved in the Pilot System
and on the main refinery cooling system. A detailed description
of the equipment, monitoring methods, and results is included.
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A Laboratory Method for Evaluating Biocidal Efficacy on Biofilms
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Micheal Ludyanskiy, Steven J. Colby, Lonza, Inc.
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1996
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Abstract:
Modified methods for monitoring biofilm growth and control were
implemented for evaluation of known and potential biocides and
dispersants. This paper will present the results of laboratory
test to study effect of novel chemicals on in vitro cultures of
filamentous bacteria.
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Practical Approach to Solving Cooling Water Treatment Problems Using Customized Chemical Formulation
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Daniel P. Curnock and Edward W. Cocetti, ChemCentric
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2003
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Abstract:
Traditionally, water treatment suppliers have not proactively
disclosed the ingredients in their cooling water chemical
products. However, certain cooling water problems are solved
most effectively when the supplier openly discloses the chemical
formulation and works with the end-user to customize a chemical
treatment product specific for that application. This report
provides the technical background, and describes a methodology,
for the end-user to apply chemical customization techniques.
This approach includes: defining the problem, identifying key
process conditions, assessing water quality and specifying the
types, quantities, and costs of the required chemical
ingredients. Case histories are also presented.
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Multipurpose Water Treatment In Cooling Towers
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Sukjun Kang, and Jasper Lee, EEKO Bio Corporation, Jeyong Yoon, and Min Cho, Seoul National University - USA
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2003
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Abstract:
EEKO BALL (Applied for P.C.T. - KROI/01155) is made of specific
ceramics and uniquely designed inorganic coating substances.
Through contact with water, functional anions are generated
which react to the protoplasm of bacteria to form an isolating
film over the bacteria surface. This causes an interruption in
the nutrient supply and the bacteria dies. The ceramic emanates
long infrared rays causing water activation. The activated water
reduces rusting and scaling in steel structures. This system
does not generate secondary contamination and is non-toxic. EEKO
BALL Requires no maintenance, is easy to install, and is
economical.
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Condenser Water Treatment Using Pulsed-Power
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John Lane, Clearwater Systems and David F. Peck, Eichleay Engineers & Constructors
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2003
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Abstract:
This paper describes the results from four years of operating
experience with pulsed-power (a non-chemical water treatment
system) on a 600-ton Pittsburgh cooling tower. The tower was
commissioned in May 1998 and has been operated exclusively with
pulsed-power units as the only water treatment. Biological data,
corrosion data, water chemistries, and thermal efficiencies will
be reported.
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Twenty-Year's of Cooling Water Treatment Experience in Manhattan
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Dr. Marcus N. Allhands, PE and Carmine Puglisi, Orival, Inc.
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2007
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Abstract:
Twenty years ago, Hartz Mountain was concerned about water quality
issues on their new HVAC system. Pollen, dust and insects would surely
be scrubbed from the atmosphere by the large roof top cooling tower
that was to provide cooling water to a package unit designed to
condense water from a nearby commercial building to condition indoor
air. The protection provided by the original solution and minimal
maintenance are what convinced management to replace the initial
installation with a similar product fifteen years later. This paper
will describe the original treatment system, maintenance issues over
the past twenty years and chemical cost savings.
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Cooling Water Treatment Using Smart (Controlled) Release Technology
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Mike Klooster and Dan Dobrez - Dober Group
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2007
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Abstract:
A multi-functional cooling water treatment chemical is applied to a
cooling tower system using a diffusion-based technology utilizing
patented coated tablets. The coating technology provides the desired
release rate of the active ingredients in the table core, eliminating
the need for mechanical pumping systems. This chemical treatment
method results in consistent chemical release, elimination of
electrical feed system components, improved program safety for
operators, elimination of chemical container disposal issues and is
environment all safe.
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