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Sound
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Order Number
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Title
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Author
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Date
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What is Noise (TP-99A)
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Don O'Dell, Chief Engineer Chittom Equipment Company
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1972
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Abstract:
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Noise Prediction Techniques for Siting Large Natural Draft and Mechanical Draft Cooling Towers (TP-159A)
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Gregory A. Capano & Wayne E. E. Bradley, Stone & Webster Engineering
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1976
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Abstract:
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The Sound of Low-Speed Fans (TP-160A)
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Bruce E. Murray & Eric W. Wood, Bolt Beranek and Newman, Inc.
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1977
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Abstract:
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Induce Draft Cooling Tower Noise and Its Control (TP-161A)
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John S. Wang, Exxon Research and Engineering Company
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1977
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Abstract:
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The New CTI Sound Code - Interpretation and Application (TP-245A)
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Tom Rose, Joiner-Pelton-Rose, Inc.
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1982
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Abstract:
A new CTI Code, ATC-128, standardizing the measurement of sound
from water-cooling towers was recently adopted. The highlights
of this code will be reviewed. The implications of the code will
be examined regarding current instrumentation that will and will
not be acceptable along with techniques required but not
explicitly stated in the Standard.
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Reduction of Noise Generation by Cooling Fans (TP-93-03)
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Ir. Henk F. van der Spek, Ventilatoren Sirocco Howden B.V
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1993
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Abstract:
Based on an intensive research program, it has turned out that
it is possible to reduce the sound power level of cooling fans
with 3 to 8 dBA by the extreme application of more or less known
effective principles like wider blade cord and swept leading
edge line. Following international recognized measuring
standards; the measuring results will be presented as well as
consequences for cooling tower design and cooling fan
construction.
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Cooling Tower Noise
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Gary R. Mirsky, Hamon Cooling Towers
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1995
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Abstract:
The construction of new facilities today, especially electric
generation or cogeneration stations require permit approval that
contain criteria such as noise limits. These facilities are
being installed on ever decreasing smaller plots that causes
equipment installation close to property lines. It is convenient
frequently to place the cooling tower almost adjacent to the
property line, thus imposing a sever noise criteria on the
cooling tower. Noise sources in the cooling towers include fan,
water, gear reducers, and motors. These noise sources are
emitted through the air inlet, fan stack, and casing. Attention
to techniques will be evaluated.
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Application of low Noise Technology for Evaporative Cooling Equipment
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Trevor Hegg - Evapco, Inc.
Paul Nelissen - Howden Cooling Fans
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2005
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Abstract:
Reduced sound levels are becoming an increasingly critical requirement
in many evaporative cooling applications. This paper will focus on the
technologies such as application of alternative fan designs, reduced
rotational fan speed, and attenuation to reduce fan noise and
attenuation and water silencing to reduce falling water noise will be
presented. The magnitude of sound reduction for each technology will
be illustrated. In addition, case histories will also be presented to
illustrate the effect some of these technologies have in sound
sensitive applications.
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Sound Measurement from Field Erected Cooling Towers
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Ken Hennon and David Wheeler, Clean Air Engineering
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2007
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Abstract:
The CTI Test Code for Measurement of Sound from Water Cooling Towers,
ATC-128 (2005), defines two types of sound emissions tests for large
cooling towers. The objective of the first test method is to quantify
the sound level or personnel exposure levels in the working
environment of the cooling tower. The objective of the second test
method is intended to measure the total sound power emitted by the
cooling tower by near field measurements. These near field
measurements can then be subsequently projected to calculate sound
power at far field points. This paper addresses both types of tests
and present data from a recent field test and explains the challenges
associated with the successful execution of a field test program.
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