|
Sidestream Softening
|
|
Order Number
|
Title
|
Author
|
Date
|
|
|
Current Practice in Sidestream Filtration for Cooling Towers (TP-25A)
|
J.W. Hayes, Jr., Humble Oil & Refining Company
|
1967
|
|
Abstract:
|
|
|
Sidestream Filtration with Diatomite (TP-45A)
|
Raymond W. McIndoe, Johns Manville
|
1968
|
|
Abstract:
|
|
|
Softening of Cooling Tower Blowdown Water For Reuse (TP-112A)
|
C.C. Fowlkes, Union Carbide Corporation
|
1973
|
|
Abstract:
|
|
|
Sidestream Filtration for Cooling Towers (TP-130A)
|
Ellis G. Udwin, Baker Filtration Company
|
1974
|
|
Abstract:
|
|
|
Sidestream Softening of Cooling Tower Blowdown (TP-166A)
|
Jay Hennings & Charlie Misenheimer, Georgia-Pacific Corp., Harold Templet, Betz
Laboratories, Inc.
|
1977
|
|
Abstract:
|
|
|
Sidestream Softening as a Means to Achieving Zero Blowdown From Evaporative Cooling Systems (TP-165A)
|
D.T. Reed, E.F. Klen & D.A. Johnson, Nalco Chemical Co.
|
1977
|
|
Abstract:
|
|
|
Status of Sidestream Softening (TP-216A)
|
Jack V. Matson, University of Houston, Paul R. Puckorius, Puckorius &
Associates, Inc.
|
1980
|
|
Abstract:
Three plants currently operate their cooling water systems in
the sidestream softening, zero discharge mode. Three new systems
are in the construction phase. The systems will be reviewed with
respect to design options and operational strategies.
Predictions of possible future courses of this zero discharge
technology will be made.
|
|
|
Chemistry of Sidestream Softening and Silica Reduction (TP-234A)
|
James T. Knight, Graver Water Division Ecodyne Corp.
|
1981
|
|
Abstract:
Calculations predict, and testing confirms, that the
solubility's of calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide are
increased substantially in concentrated cooling waters. Silica
reduction is shown to be kinetically controlled. A knowledge of
the system allows prediction of effluent silica concentrations.
|
|
|
Demonstration of a Maximum Recycle Sidestream Softening System at a Petrochemical Plant (TP-85-05)
|
Jack V. Matson, Wendy G. Mouche & Eric Rosenblum, Environmental Engineering
Program University of Houston Division Ecodyne Corp.
|
1985
|
|
Abstract:
The USS Chemicals petrochemical plant recycles all wastewater to
the cooling water system and softens the blowdown for return to
the system. I will document the performance of the system, its
problems, and successes in the four years of operation.
|
|
|
Cooling Tower Side Stream Filtration 101
|
Clarence Melancon, Water Filtration Technologies, Inc.
|
2004
|
|
Abstract:
This paper will define, show the benefits, the sizing criteria and the types of filters associated with side stream filtration. |
|
|
It's time to Rethink Cooling Tower Filtration
|
Dr. Marcus N. Allhands, Amiad Filtration Systems
|
2005
|
|
Abstract:
The dissipation of ambient or process heat in large HVAC systems,
manufacturing facilities, power generation plants, refineries, metal
mills and forges, chemical plants and food processors is most often
accomplished by cooling towers. These simple structures facilitate the
transfer of unwanted energy (heat) from a transport liquid (usually
water) to the atmosphere. The bane of cooling towers, with relation to
efficient heat transfer and pathological risks to employees is
suspended solids. These solids can originate in the process, in the
piping, from the atmosphere or from internal biological growth. Side
stream filtration is the most commonly used methods of maintaining
minimal suspended solids in the cooling system. Present day systems
rely mainly on two established methods of suspended solids removal.
The first utilizes cyclonic principles and can remove only high
specific gravity solids leaving organics such as algae behind. The
other method is granular media filtration that generally requires very
high volumes of flush water during its cleaning process. This filter
type also accumulates particles of high specific gravity within its
housing causing the eventual costly replacement of its media. Both of
these methods require high energy inputs to operate. Automatic self
cleaning screen filter technology not only removes both organic and
inorganic solids regardless of specific gravity but also requires very
little energy to operate and conserves coolant additives by using very
little coolant liquid for the self cleaning process. By incorporating
the cleaning cycle into the blowdown process of the cooling tower
system the unwanted loss of coolant can be completely eliminated. This
manuscript will address the operational processes of automatic self
cleaning screen filtration technology and review a number of real
world case studies in both commercial HVAC systems and manufacturing
processes to prove the advantages over traditional cooling tower
treatment systems.
|
|
|
Maintaining Clean Cooling Systems
|
Faiza Abou Zeid, Aqua Trust for Water Treatment
|
2005
|
|
Abstract:
By mechanical recommendations and chemical treatment applied to
different cooling systems and mainly in ammonia production cooling
system were proven flexible and achieve the control criteria. Using
all organic chemicals based on a mixture of HEDP and PBTC phosphonate
and Copolymer of malice acid together with sulfonated non ionic
polymer and isothiazoline based microbiocid with chlorine with some
recommendations like air bumping and back flushing for some coolers.
The C.R. was less than 0.5 mpy, TBC less than 10,000 UFC/ml no SRB or
iron bacteria. The plants are operated without any water related
problems.
|
|
|
Filtration for Multi Story Office Buildings HVAC
|
Dr. Marcus N. Allhands PE, Amiad Filtration Systems and Victoria Allies, TNT Technology Company
|
2006
|
|
Abstract:
HVAC systems on high-rise officer buildings in the Arizona desert and
constantly abused by sand and dust. The timely removal of such debris
form the cooling towers is essential. Automatic filtration systems
with smart PLC logic provide reliable labor-free protection to the
roof mounted cooling tower and other HVAC components. A reliable
filtration system requires the proper design and installation. This
paper will follow the design process and installation then follow up
with detailed results.
|
