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Miscellaneous
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Order Number
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Title
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Author
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Date
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A Comparison Between European and U.S. Cooling Towers (TRP-123)
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John W. Hubenthal, Ceramic Cooling Tower Company
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1962
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Abstract:
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Cooling Tower Steam Sterilization From Year's Experience (TP-18D)
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T.A. McConomy, Hall Laboratories Division
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1965
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Abstract:
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Sea Water as an Industrial Coolant (TP-31A)
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W.B. Brooks, The Dow Chemical Company
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1967
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Abstract:
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On The Design of a Cooling Tower For Educational Purposes (TP-33A)
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Juan J. DeLeon, & David P. Malatesta, Undergraduate Students, Ozer A. Arnas,
Assoc. Prof., Louisiana State Univ.
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1967
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Abstract:
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Cooling Tower Salinity Optimization via Sidestream Desalination (TP-168A)
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Gerald T. Westbrook, Dow Chemical U.S.A.
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1977
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Abstract:
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Examination of the Sensitivity of Spray Cooling to Wind Speed and Direction (TP-185A)
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Karl R. Wilber, Environmental Systems Corporation
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1978
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Abstract:
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The Successful History of Spray Canal Cooling (TP-206A)
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Richard L. Brown & Dwight Furr, Ceramic Cooling Tower Co.
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1979
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Abstract:
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A New Answer to the Water Treating "Gadget" Problem (TP-265A)
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J.C. Dromgoole, Maintenance Engineering Corp., M.C. Forbes, Alkem, Inc.
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1983
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Abstract:
The flood of spurious water treating "gadgets" is continuing.
There has been some effort by various official State and Federal
agencies to help the consumer but their record is spotty. Now is
the time for the water treatment user and legitimate vendors to
band together in a national organization to promote those
technologies that are sound and to reduce the impact of those
men and companies that cost the uninitiated large sums and give
the industry a bad name.
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"Tower Units" Calculation for Concentrated Sea Water (TP-273A)
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M. Schaal & G. Meron, Israel Electric Corporation
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1983
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Abstract:
Psychrometrics chart and rating factors used in Tower Units
calculation are modified for cases when concentrated seawater is
used. This is done using known data in seawater and methods
developed by CTI.
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A Case History of a Coal Gasification Wastewater Cooling Tower at the Great Plains Coal Gasification Project (TP-87-02)
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Benjamin R. Crocker, Environmental Systems Corp., Mary C. Bromel & Michael W.
Pontbriand, ANG Coal Gasification Company
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1987
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Abstract:
Actual operating experience on and design modifications to a
zero discharge process-cooling tower wherein the waste waters
provided the make-up. Design philosophy of the modification
effort and resulting impact on thermal performance recounted.
Additionally, the paper provides recommended design concepts for
future reuse cooling towers where biological or hydrocarbon
fouling risks are anticipated.
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Reuse of Pretreated Coal Gasification Condensate in a Pilot Scale Cooling Tower (TP-87-11)
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Michael D. Johnson, Univ. of ND Energy Research Ctr & Gerald W. Schweitzer,
Calgon Corporation
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1987
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Abstract:
The recycle and reuse of waste and process water streams can
turn potential environmental problem discharge streams into
beneficial cooling tower make-up streams. Three separate 50 days
research studies using ammonia and phenol stripped coal
gasification condensate from the Great Plains Coal Gasification
Plant were performed. The first phase of testing did not use
pretreatment for this highly contaminated wastewater. Baseline
data indicated severe biological fouling, scaling and corrosion.
The second phase, using non-oxidizing biocides and dispersants,
was unsuccessful at reducing these problems. The make-up for the
third and final phase consisted of biologically treated and
filtered water with a dispersant and a phosphorus-based
corrosion inhibitor. The pretreatment and corrosion control
program used gave excellent results for biological fouling,
corrosion and deposition control.
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Design, Operation and Water Treatment of a Wet Finned Tube Exchanger Cooling Tower (TP-89-15)
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Christopher H. Norton & Ken W. Rowland, Southern California Gas Company
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1989
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Abstract:
Due to high maintenances costs, the Southern California Gas
Company replaced existing open cooling towers with "wet" Fin-Fan
coolers. The "wet" Fin-Fan is similar to a standard Fin-Fan, but
enclosed with "walls" which act as an evaporative air precooler.
The "walls" which act as an evaporative air precooler. The
"walls" are made from fiberglass evaporative fill material, over
which water is circulated. Three such towers were constructed
between 1982 and 1986. This presentation details the basic
design, operation and water treatment of the "wet" Fin-Fan
cooling towers. Special attention is focused on the evolution of
the water treatment programs.
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Estimating Operational Service Time of Heat Exchangers (TP-90-05)
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J. Fred Wilkes, Consultant Flavio Bianchi & Mauro C. Ramirez, Aquatec Quimica,
S.A.
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1990
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Abstract:
Predicting operational service time of heat exchangers between
forced maintenance outages is a subject, which has been studied
intensively for many years. Numerous technical and economic
advantages would occur if such predictive data were available,
to permit appropriate preventive actions to control potential
fouling problems developing on either the cooling water side or
the process fluid side. The calculation methodology developed by
Kern and other researchers can be applied to determine when
critical fouling values will be reached, once the fouling
factors for specific unit have been determined. However, such
methodology is limited by its ability to express only total
fouling, which may be understood as the sum of fouling on
exchanger process side, plus that on the waterside. This does
not provide for in-service isolation and measurement of fouling
factors on both sides of exchangers, nor permit necessary
corrective actions, when possible, in the more critical area.
Deducting these values from those verified in the plant for the
total fouling, fouling which occurs on the process side is
determined more precisely. This defines the intensity of the
fouling problem on each interface where thermic exchange takes
place.
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Helper Cooling Towers at the Bang Pakong Power Station
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David J. Brill, David Copeland, Thomas E. Kalin, Black & Veatch, Worawit
Khamkanist, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand
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1996
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Abstract:
The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) has
taken the extraordinary action of retrofitting the Bang Pakong
Power Station with one of the world's largest cooling tower
installations. The cooling towers are installed as helper
cooling towers, with the purpose of reducing the temperature of
the circulating water discharged from the power station into the
Bang Pakong River. This project represents a progressive and
proactive approach to current and future environmental impacts
associated with the thermal circulating water system discharge
at the power station.
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Experiment Investigation of an Evaporative Cooling Tower
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Kuo-Hsiang Chien, Energy & Resources Laboratoties Industrial Technology Research
Institute
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2000
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Abstract:
A new designed tube bundle heat exchanger using in an
evaporative cooling tower was investigated. The tube bundle is
constructed by staggered and crossover tubes to increase the
contact surface area and the turbulence of airflow. In this
cooling tower, the filler and tube bundle heat exchanger were
combined and arranged in different layers. The primary side of
cooling water was circulated in the tube bundle heat exchanger
in a closed loop and the secondary side of cooling water was
sprayed through the filler and outside of the tube bundle heat
exchanger in an open loop.
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